Zamucoan languages
Zamucoan (also Samúkoan) is a small language family of Paraguay (northeast Chaco) and Bolivia (Santa Cruz Department).
The family has hardly been studied by linguists (as of Adelaar & Muysken 2004), although several studies have recently appeared (see: Bertinetto 2009, 2010; Ciucci 2007/08, 2009, 2010a, 2010b).
Extant languages
Zamucoan consists of two living languages:
- Ayoreo (aka Zamuco, Ayoré, Moro, Ayoréo, Ayoweo, Samuko, Morotoco, Pyeta, Yovai)
- Chamacoco (aka Bahía Negra, Ebidoso, Tumarahá, Chamakoko, Ebitoso, Ishiro, Jeywo)
Genetic relations
From the historical record of the Zamucoan peoples, the living Zamucoan languages appear to have had several relatives, now extinct. It's not clear if these were necessarily distinct languages, or even that they were Zamucoan, but Mason (1950) listed them as follows:[1]
- Northern
- Zamuco (Ayoreo)
- Morotoco (Coroino)
- Guarañoca
- Ugaraño
- Tapii (Tapio)
- Poturero (Ninaquiguilá)
- Southern
- Chamacoco
- Imono
- Tunacho (Tunaca)
- Caipotorade
References
Bibliography
- Adelaar, Willem F. H.; & Muysken, Pieter C. (2004). The languages of the Andes. Cambridge language surveys. Cambridge University Press.
- Bertinetto, Pier Marco (2009) Ayoreo (Zamuco). A grammatical sketch. Quaderni del laboratorio di Linguistica n.8 (Online version: <http://linguistica.sns.it/QLL/QLL09.htm>).
- Bertinetto, Pier Marco (2010) How the Zamuco languages dealt with verb affixes. Quaderni del Laboratorio di Linguistica n.9,1 (Online version: <http://linguistica.sns.it/QLL/QLL10.htm>).
- Campbell, Lyle. (1997). American Indian languages: The historical linguistics of Native America. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-509427-1.
- Ciucci, Luca (2007/08). Indagini sulla morfologia verbale nella lingua ayoreo. Quaderni del Laboratorio di Linguistica della Scuola Normale Superiore 7 n.s. (Online version: <http://linguistica.sns.it/QLL/QLL07_08.htm>)
- Ciucci, Luca (2009). Elementi di morfologia verbale del chamacoco. Quaderni del Laboratorio di Linguistica della Scuola Normale Superiore 8 n.s. (Online version: <http://linguistica.sns.it/QLL/QLL09.htm>)
- Ciucci, Luca (2010a). “La flessione possessiva dell’ayoreo”. Quaderni del Laboratorio di Linguistica della Scuola Normale Superiore 9,2 n.s. (Online version: <http://linguistica.sns.it/QLL/QLL10.htm>)
- Ciucci, Luca (2010b). La flessione possessiva del chamacoco. Quaderni del Laboratorio di Linguistica della Scuola Normale Superiore 9,2 n.s. (Online version: <http://linguistica.sns.it/QLL/QLL10.htm>)
- Gordon, Raymond G., Jr. (Ed.). (2005). Ethnologue: Languages of the world (15th ed.). Dallas, TX: SIL International. ISBN 1-55671-159-X. (Online version: http://www.ethnologue.com).
- Fabre, Alain. (por aparecer, 2005). Los pueblos del Gran Chaco y sus lenguas, cuarta parte: Los zamuco. Suplemento Antropológico, Asunción.
- Kaufman, Terrence. (1990). Language history in South America: What we know and how to know more. In D. L. Payne (Ed.), Amazonian linguistics: Studies in lowland South American languages (pp. 13–67). Austin: University of Texas Press. ISBN 0-292-70414-3.
- Kaufman, Terrence. (1994). The native languages of South America. In C. Mosley & R. E. Asher (Eds.), Atlas of the world's languages (pp. 46–76). London: Routledge.
External links